Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Polyneuropathies/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Epilepsies, Partial/diagnosis , Xanthogranuloma, Juvenile/diagnosis , Neurofibromatoses/complications , Neurofibromatoses/diagnosis , Neurofibromatoses/diagnostic imaging , Meningioma/diagnosis , Intellectual Disability/diagnosis , Neurilemmoma/diagnosis , Diagnosis, DifferentialABSTRACT
El ojo seco es una condición frecuente que tiene un impacto importante sobre la calidad de vida, pues conlleva a una sensación de incomodidad y discapacidad visual. Adicionalmente, puede tener un efecto pernicioso sobre procedimientos quirúrgicos oculares, lo que compromete el resultado de las cirugías de córnea, catarata y refractiva. Este síndrome de disfunción lagrimal es un padecimiento multifactorial, derivado de una deficiencia o evaporación excesiva de la lágrima. Se realizó una búsqueda en la literatura científica, con el objetivo de describir de forma general la enfermedad del ojo seco, brindando información actualizada en relación a su concepto, epidemiología, clasificación, factores de riesgo, fisiopatología, síntomas y signos, retos diagnósticos atendiendo a la complejidad de la entidad y tratamiento. La identificación temprana de los subtipos y el control de la severidad es crucial para mejorar el bienestar del paciente. La carga económica en la sociedad, y el impacto de la enfermedad en el individuo, a través de su efecto sobre la visión, calidad de vida y productividad laboral, así como en su esfera psicológica y física son considerables. Por ello, es importante que los oftalmólogos con el apoyo de los tecnólogos en optometría y óptica diagnostiquen y traten la enfermedad en sus fases iniciales, en la que los signos y síntomas todavía no son graves, lo que permitirá ralentizar su evolución natural, y posiblemente disminuir las consecuencias perjudiciales que provoca(AU)
Dry eye is a common condition that has a significant impact on quality of life, leading to a feeling of discomfort and visual impairment. Additionally, it can have a pernicious effect on ocular surgical procedures, compromising the outcome of corneal, cataract and refractive surgeries. This lacrimal dysfunction syndrome is a multifactorial condition, derived from a deficiency or excessive tear evaporation. A search of the scientific literature was carried out with the aim of describing dry eye disease in a general way, providing updated information regarding its concept, epidemiology, classification, risk factors, pathophysiology, symptoms and signs, diagnostic challenges considering the complexity of the condition and its treatment. Early identification of subtypes and control of severity is crucial to improve patient welfare. The economic burden on society, and the impact of the disease on the individual, through its effect on vision, quality of life and work productivity, as well as on the psychological and physical aspects, are considerable. Therefore, it is important that ophthalmologists with the support of optometrists and ophthalmic technologists diagnose and treat the disease in its early stages, when signs and symptoms are not yet severe, which will slow down its natural progression, and possibly reduce the resulting harmful consequences(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Dry Eye Syndromes , Review Literature as TopicABSTRACT
Resumo Os objetivos do estudo foram avaliar a prevalência de dificuldade visual autorrelatada entre acadêmicos de 18 a 39 anos de idade da Universidade Federal de Pelotas e realizar a validação de uma pergunta sobre dificuldade visual em uma subamostra dos participantes, com dados coletados entre novembro de 2017 e julho de 2018. Realizou-se um estudo transversal com a pergunta "Você tem alguma dificuldade para enxergar de perto e/ou de longe?". Como padrão-ouro para o estudo de validação, a acuidade visual (AV) foi medida através da tabela de Snellen. Considera-se AV alterada quando menor que 20/40 em qualquer olho. A prevalência de dificuldade visual autorrelatada foi de 37,3% (IC95%: 35,1-39,6) e a de AV menor que 20/40 em qualquer olho foi 6,9% (IC95%: 5,3-8,9). A pergunta apresentou sensibilidade 71,4% (IC95%: 57,8-82,7), especificidade 66,9% (IC95%: 63,4-70,2), valor preditivo positivo 13,8% (IC95%: 10,0-18,3) e valor preditivo negativo 96,9% (IC95%: 95,1-98,2). Os resultados indicaram alta prevalência de dificuldade visual autorrelatada entre os universitários e pergunta com sensibilidade e especificidade razoáveis e com alto valor preditivo negativo, podendo ser utilizada como triagem para consulta com oftalmologista e em estudos epidemiológicos com jovens adultos universitários.
Abstract The objectives of the study were to assess the prevalence of self-reported visual impairment among undergraduate students between 18 and 39 years of age at the Federal University of Pelotas, and to validate a question about visual impairment in a subsample of the participants. A cross-sectional study was conducted by asking the question "Do you have any difficulty seeing up close and/or in the distance?" As the gold standard for the validation study, visual acuity (VA) was measured using the Snellen chart. Patients with VA less than 20/40 in either eye were considered to have reduced VA. The prevalence of self-reported visual impairment was 37.3% (95% CI: 35.1-39.6) and VA less than 20/40 in either eye was 6.9% (95% CI: 5.3-8.9). The question revealed sensitivity of 71.4% (95 CI: 57.8-82.7), specificity of 66.9% (95% CI: 63.4-70.2), positive predictive value of 13.8% (95% CI: 10.0-18.3), and negative predictive value of 96.9% (95% CI: 95,1-98.2). The results indicated a high prevalence of self-reported visual impairment among university students. The question showed reasonable sensitivity and specificity and high negative predictive value and may be used for screening for ophthalmological evaluation among young adult university students.
Subject(s)
Humans , Young Adult , Students , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/epidemiology , Visual Acuity , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Self ReportABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivo Verificar a prevalência e as principais causas de baixa acuidade visual encontradas em estudantes; resolver as alterações refracionais por meio de correção óptica e estabelecer uma relação entre visão e desempenho escolar. Métodos Estudo transversal, quantitativo, de ação social realizada em uma escola pública de ensino fundamental e médio de Araçatuba (SP). A avaliação especializada foi indicada aos estudantes que, em triagem visual, apresentaram acuidade visual ≤0,7 em um ou em ambos os olhos, com ou sem correção óptica prévia. Foram entregues óculos a todos que necessitavam, para melhorar visão. Foi realizada análise pela ficha de atendimento e pela nota escolar dos alunos, pelos programas Excel e BioEstat. Resultados Dos 503 alunos triados, 75 (15%) apresentaram baixa de acuidade visual. Compareceram à consulta agendada 66 (88%), e 50 (80,65%) receberam óculos prontos. A média de idade foi de 152 anos, e houve predominância do sexo feminino (64,5%). As alterações refracionais foram a principal causa da baixa visual (90,3%), e miopia, associada ou não a astigmatismo, foi a mais prevalente (63%). Dentre os casos, 13 (21%) tinham anisometropia. Não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa (p=0,5479) entre as médias anuais dos alunos com baixa de acuidade visual e aqueles com visão normal. Conclusão Projetos sociais de triagem visual são facilmente executáveis, têm baixo custo e alta resolutividade, uma vez que os transtornos refracionais são a principal causa e facilmente corrigidos com óculos. A baixa de acuidade visual detectada nos alunos não interferiu no desempenho escolar.
ABSTRACT Objective To verify the prevalence and the main causes of low visual acuity among students, to correct refractive errors with eyewear, and to establish a relation between vision and school performance. Methods This is a cross-sectional, quantitative study of a social action carried out in a public elementary and high school in the city of Araçatuba (SP). Specialized evaluation was indicated to students who presented visual acuity ≤0.7 in one or both eyes, with or without prior optical correction, upon triage. Glasses were delivered to everyone who needed better vision. The analysis was performed based on screening record and student's school grade, using Excel and BioEstat software. Results Out of 503 students screened, 75 (15%) presented low visual acuity. Sixty-six (88%) attended the scheduled visit and 50 (80.65%) received ready-made glasses. The mean age was 15±2 years, and there was a predominance of females (64.5%). Refractive errors were the main cause of visual impairment (90.3%) and myopia, associated or not to astigmatism, was the most prevalent condition (63%). Thirteen (21%) students had anisometropia. There was no statistically significant difference (p=0.5479) in annual average grade of students with low visual acuity and those with normal vision. Conclusion Social projects for visual triage are carried out without effort, have a low cost and high problem-solving capacity, since refractive errors are the most frequent diagnoses and easily corrected with glasses. The low visual acuity detected in students did not interfere in their school performance.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Refractive Errors/complications , Refractive Errors/diagnosis , School Health Services , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Visual Acuity , Eye Health , Vision Disorders/rehabilitation , Vision Tests , Vision Screening , Student Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Early Diagnosis , Eyeglasses , Observational StudyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Uncorrected refractive errors are the leading cause of visual impairment in children. In this cross-sectional retrospective study, we analyzed a social visual screening program for school children in São Paulo, Brazil, evaluated its impact on the prevention and treatment of children's visual disabilities, and assessed its epidemiological outcomes to outline suggestions for its improvement. METHODS: First-grade children from public schools were submitted to prior visual screening by their teachers. Selected children were forwarded to the hospital's campaigns for a second screening by ophthalmologists and treatment if needed. Data were analyzed for age, sex, visual acuity, biomicroscopy, refractive errors, ocular movement disorders, amblyopia, number of donated spectacles, and number of children forwarded to specialized care. RESULTS: A total of 1080 children were included with mean age of 6.24±0.45 years. Children with normal ophthalmological exam, 591 (54.7%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 51.7%-57.7%) were dismissed and considered false-positives. Myopia, hyperopia, and astigmatism components were found in 164 (15.2%; CI: 13.1%-17.4%), 190 (17.6%; CI: 15.3%-20.0%), and 330 (30.5%; CI: 27.8%-33.4%) children, respectively. Amblyopia was diagnosed in 54 (5%; CI: 3.5%-6.4%) children, and 117 (10.8%; CI: 9.8%-12.8%) presented ocular movement disorders. A total of 420 glasses were donated. CONCLUSION: Epidemiological findings for amblyopia and refractive errors are consistent with those of similar studies. The expressive number of diagnoses performed and number of glasses donated to underprivileged children depict the importance of such projects. New guidelines to improve their cost-effectiveness, such as professional training and community sensitization, are imperative.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Child , Refractive Errors/diagnosis , Refractive Errors/therapy , Refractive Errors/epidemiology , Schools , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/prevention & control , Vision Disorders/epidemiology , Brazil , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective StudiesABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar o perfil clínico de pacientes em acompanhamento dermatológico encaminhados para avaliação oftalmológica. Métodos: A amostra foi composta de pacientes dermatológicos encaminhados para avaliação oftalmológica, nos anos de 2016 e de 2017. Estudou-se a concomitância de doenças dermatológicas com as afecções oftalmológicas por meio da coleta simultânea do histórico dermatológico (prontuários registrados com dados gerais e diagnóstico) e de dados da consulta oftalmológica após o encaminhamento. Resultados: Foram avaliados pela oftalmologia 224 pacientes, sendo 65% do sexo feminino, 80% caucasianos, com idade variando entre 1 mês e 85 anos. As situações cujo encaminhamento foi mais prevalente foram psoríase, lúpus, vitiligo e rosácea (18,3%, 13,8%, 12,9% e 10,7%, respectivamente). Fototerapia crônica e uso de hidroxicloroquina representaram 35,7% e 22,3% dos pacientes. Casos de neurofibromatose, micose fungoide, líquen plano, neoplasias de pele, atopias, pênfigo e esclerodermia também estiveram presentes. Cegueira legal foi detectada em 6%, e deficiências visuais ligadas a afecções dermatológicas foram verificadas em 16,5% dos casos. As alterações oculares mais prevalentes foram catarata (18,9%), blefarite (15,9%), pterígio (5,3%) e conjuntivite (5,3%). Conclusão: Encontrou-se elevada frequência de alterações oftalmológicas em uma população de pacientes com doenças dermatológicas. Assim, o estudo e a análise de manifestações oculares em pacientes dermatológicos podem auxiliar na detecção precoce e na prevenção de complicações.
ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the clinical profile of patients under dermatological care and referred to ophthalmological evaluation. Methods: The sample comprised dermatology patients referred to ophthalmological evaluation in 2016 and 2017. The simultaneous occurrence of skin and ophthalmic diseases was studied, by collecting dermatological history (medical records containing general data and diagnosis) and ophthalmic consultation data following referral. Results: A total of 224 patients were assessed, 65% were female, 80% were white, and age varied between one month and 85 years. The conditions more often referred were psoriasis, lupus, vitiligo and rosacea (18.3%, 13.8%, 12.9% and 10.7%, respectively). Chronic phototherapy and use of hydroxychloroquine were observed in 35.7% and 22.3% of patients, respectively. Cases of neurofibromatosis, mycosis fungoides, lichen planus, skin cancer, atopic dermatitis, pemphigus and scleroderma were also reported. Legal blindness was detected in 6% and visual impairment related to skin conditions in 16.5% of patients. The most prevalent ocular changes were cataracts (18.9%), blepharitis (15.9%), pterygium (5.3%) and conjunctivitis (5.3%). Conclusion: A high frequency of ophthalmic changes in a population of dermatological patients was found. In this context, studying and analyzing ocular manifestations in dermatological patients could be useful in early detection and prevention of complications.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Skin Diseases/complications , Vision Disorders/etiology , Eye Diseases/etiology , Referral and Consultation , Skin Diseases/diagnosis , Skin Diseases/epidemiology , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/epidemiology , Brazil , Medical Records , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Eye Diseases/diagnosis , Eye Diseases/epidemiology , Eye ManifestationsABSTRACT
Resumo Introdução: Os rastreamentos visuais realizados nas escolas são, às vezes, a única oportunidade de deteção dos erros de refração não corrigidos (ERN) causadores de baixa visual, prejuízo na aquisição do conhecimento, evasão e repetência escolar, habilidades motoras pobres, dificuldade na interação social e baixa autoestima nos escolares. Objetivos: Comparar a detecção de ERN em escolares do ensino fundamental por meio de rastreamento visual (medida da AV com a tabela de Snellen) e por photoscreener; avaliar a acurácia do SpotTM Vision Screener (Welch Allyn) como autorefrator comparando suas medidas de refração com as do autorrefrator Topcon KR 8000 (Japão) e levantar a proporção de óculos com a tecnologia ready to Clip™ que foram dispensados no momento da avaliação dos escolares. Métodos: Duzentos e noventa e sete escolares foram submetidos à rastreamento visual (ponto de corte: AV monocular ≤ 0,7 e/ou diferença duas linhas de Snellen entre os olhos), photoscreening (ponto de corte: hipermetropia ≥3,00D, miopia ≥0,75D e astigmatismo > 1D) e à mensuração do erro de refração sob cicloplegia com o photoscreener e o autorrefrator. Somente os dados de refração do olho direito foram analisados. Os achados foram convertidos em vetores de magnitude para análise. Resultados: Os valores de sensibilidade e especificidade do método de rastreamento visual foram 67,2% e 63,5% e do photoscreening, foram 76,1% e 79,1%. A diferença da refração do SVS com o autorrefrator foi de +0,154 DE com -0,170 DC no eixo de 6 graus para o olho direito de cada paciente. Conclusões: Na população avaliada o método de rastreamento refrativo por photoscreener foi mais efetivo que o do rastreamento visual. A comparação dos resultados da refração sob cicloplegia com o autorrefrator validou o uso do photoscreener como um método de refração acurado para a mensuração de erros refrativos em escolares. A maioria dos escolares receberam os óculos com a tecnologia ready to Clip™ no momento da prescrição.
Abstract Background: The visual screening performed in schools is sometimes the only opportunity to detect uncorrected refraction errors (URE) causing low visual impairments, prejudice in the acquisition of knowledge, dropout and school repetition, poor motor skills, difficulty in social interaction and low self-esteem in schoolchildren. Objectives: To compare the detection of URE in elementary school children by visual screening (measurement of the AV with the Snellen table) and photoscreening; to evaluate the accuracy of the SpotTM Vision Screener (Welch Allyn) as an autorefractor by comparing its refraction measurements with those of the autorefractor Topcon KR 800 (Japan) and to verify the proportion of glasses with ready to ClipTM technology dispensed at the time of the students' evaluation. Methods: Two hundred ninety-seven students were submitted to visual screening (cutoff point: AV monocular ≤ 0.7 and/or difference two Snellen lines between the eyes), photoscreening (cutoff point: hypermetropia ≥ 3, 00D, myopia ≥ 0, 75D and astigmatism > 1D) and the measurement of the refraction error under cycloplegia with the photoscreener and autorefractor. Only the refraction data of the right eye were analyzed. The findings were converted into vectors of magnitude for analysis. Results: The sensitivity and specificity values of the visual screening method were 67.2% and 63.5% and photo screening were 76.1% and 79.1%. The mean difference between refraction by SVS and autorefractor was of + 0.154 SD combined with -0.170 DC in the 6-degree axis for the right eye of each patient. Conclusions: In the population evaluated the method of refractive screening by photoscreener was more effective than the visual screening. The comparison of the results of refraction under cycloplegia with the autorefractor validated the use of photoscreener as an accurate refraction method for the measurement of refractive errors in schoolchildren. The majority of the students received their glasses with ready to Clip™ technology at the time of prescription.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Refraction, Ocular , School Health Services , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Visual Acuity , Eye Health , Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological , Education, Primary and SecondaryABSTRACT
Resumo Objetivo: Determinar a prevalência de fatores predisponentes de baixa acuidade visual entre os alunos do Colégio Universitário Geraldo Reis em Niterói-RJ. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo observacional transversal realizados em duas etapas. A primeira realizou-se a medida da acuidade visual dos alunos voluntários que aderiram ao termo de assentimento. Na segunda etapa foram selecionados aqueles alunos cuja acuidade visual não ultrapassaram 0,8 em pelo menos um dos olhos ou que apresentaram diferença de acuidade visual entre os olhos de duas linhas ou mais na tabela de Snellen, sendo encaminhados para avaliação oftalmológica completa no Serviço de Oftalmologia do Hospital Universitário Antônio Pedro / Universidade Federal Fluminense. Resultados: Do total de 325 alunos matriculados, 134 (41,2%) participaram da primeira etapa do estudo e, destes, apenas 39 (29%) apresentaram baixa visão. Dos 39 alunos selecionados para a segunda etapa do estudo, apenas 14 (36%) se voluntariaram a prosseguir para avaliação oftalmológica completa, tendo as ametropias (57,14%), a ambliopia (21,42%) e o estrabismo (14,28%) como as principais causas de baixa visual identificadas. Conclusão: A prevalência de baixa visão(low vision=baixa visão tem definição, não se chama baixa visual) para essa comunidade foi de 29% e as principais causas identificadas foram as ametropias, as ambliopias e o estrabismo. Campanhas de conscientização e os problemas de adesão aos programas de triagem devem ser considerados em novos estudos.
Abstract Purpose: To determine the prevalence of predisposing factors of low visual acuity among the students of the Geraldo Reis University College in Niterói-RJ. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study during which the visual acuity of the volunteer students who adhered to the assent term was measured. Those students whose visual acuity did not exceed 0.8 in at least one eye or who presented a difference between the eyes of two lines or more in the Snellen table were selected for the next stage of the study and were referred for complete ophthalmologic evaluation in the Service of Ophthalmology of the Antônio Pedro University Hospital / Fluminense Federal University. Results: Of the total of 325 students enrolled, 134 (41.2%) participated in the first stage of the study and of these, only 39 (29%) presented visual impairment. Of the 39 students selected for the second phase of the study, only 14 (36%) volunteered to proceed for a complete ophthalmologic evaluation, with ametropias (57.14%), amblyopia (21.42%) and strabismus (14, 28%) as the main causes of visual impairment identified. Conclusion: The prevalence of visual impairment for this community was 29% and the main causes identified were ametropias, amblyopia and strabismus. Awareness campaigns and problems of adherence to screening programs should be considered in new studies.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Students/statistics & numerical data , Vision Disorders/epidemiology , Visual Acuity/physiology , Vision, Low/epidemiology , Refractive Errors , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Screening , Amblyopia , Exotropia , Eye Health , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Observational StudyABSTRACT
Resumo A Síndrome de Wolfram consiste em uma patologia neurodegenerativa de caráter genético, também conhecida pela sigla DIDMOAD que traduz os principais achados dessa doença, Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Mellitus, Atrofia Óptica e Surdez. O artigo visa relatar ocaso de um paciente diagnosticado clinicamente com essa síndrome em um ambulatório geral de oftalmologia. Tendo em vistaque os pacientes portadores dessa alteração genética apresentam mais de um par craniano afetado e quadro clínico sem históricode meningite ou outras alterações neurológicas, tem-se que pensar em alterações raras, como é o caso dessa síndrome. A partir dodiagnóstico, aplicou-se o questionário WRUS em consulta, o qual permitiu a comparação do paciente abordado com dados obtidosinternacionalmente disponíveis na literatura.
Abstract Wolfram Syndrome consists of a neurodegenerative pathology of genetic character, also known by the acronym DIDMOAD that translates the main findings of this disease, Diabetes Insipidus, Diabetes Mellitus, Optic Atrophy and Deafness. The article report the case of a patient diagnosed clinically with this syndrome in a general ophthalmology out patient clinic. Considering that patients with this genetic alteration have more than one cranial nerve affected by the disease and clinical history without meningitis or other neurological alterations, one has to think about rare alterations, as is the case with this syndrome. From the diagnosis, the WRUS questionnaire was applied in consultation, which all owed the comparation of the patient with concepts obtained internationally available in the literature.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Wolfram Syndrome/diagnosis , Optic Atrophy/diagnosis , Optic Nerve Diseases/diagnosis , Ophthalmoscopy , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Wolfram Syndrome/genetics , Visual Acuity , Color Vision Defects , Tomography, Optical Coherence/methods , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 , Fundus Oculi , Hearing Loss , Nerve Fibers/pathologyABSTRACT
Abstract Introduction Few studies have used eye tracking as a screening tool for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in preterm infants. Objectives To evaluate fixation time on social and non-social figures and percentage of preterm babies who gazed at the images. Methods This was a cross-sectional study of 31 preterm infants born weighing ≤ 2,000 g in which eye gaze was evaluated at 6 months of corrected age. Six boards with social and non-social figures were projected on a computer screen, successively, evaluating time and percentage of preterm babies who gazed at each board. The Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) was answered at 18 months of corrected age. Results Preterm infants showed longer visual fixation time on social figures compared with non-social images, regardless of the position of the social figure on the board. Similar percentages of preterm infants gazed either at social or non-social figures, at social figures with a direct or an indirect look, and at the eyes or mouth of the social figures. No preterm infant screened positive on the M-CHAT. Conclusion At 6 months of corrected age, preterm infants show the ability to gaze in an eye-tracking test, with preference for social figures, suggesting that this tool could be useful as another screening instrument for ASD.
Resumo Introdução Poucos estudos utilizaram a varredura visual como ferramenta para rastreamento de transtorno do espectro do autismo (TEA) em bebês prematuros. Objetivos Avaliar bebês prematuros quanto ao o tempo de fixação de olhar em figuras sociais e não sociais e a porcentagem deles que olharam para as imagens. Métodos Este estudo transversal incluiu 31 bebês prematuros com ≤ 2.000 g ao nascer, cujo rastreamento visual foi avaliado aos 6 meses de idade corrigida. Seis pranchas com figuras sociais e não sociais foram projetadas em tela de computador, sucessivamente, avaliando-se o tempo e porcentagem de prematuros que olharam para cada prancha. O Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) foi respondido aos 18 meses de idade corrigida. Resultados Os bebês prematuros apresentaram maior tempo de fixação visual em figuras sociais do que não sociais, independentemente da posição da figura social na prancha. Porcentagens similares de prematuros olharam tanto para figuras sociais como para não sociais, para figuras sociais com olhar direto ou indireto, e para boca ou olhos das figuras sociais. Nenhum prematuro foi rastreado positivamente pelo M-CHAT. Conclusão Aos 6 meses de idade corrigida, prematuros apresentaram habilidade para varredura em teste de rastreamento visual, com preferência por figuras sociais, sugerindo que esta ferramenta pode ser útil como mais um instrumento para rastreamento de TEA.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Adult , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Tests/methods , Infant, Low Birth Weight , Infant, Premature , Cross-Sectional Studies , Eye Movement Measurements , Checklist , Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnosisABSTRACT
Resumo Objetivo: Determinar a frequência de acuidade visual reduzida em crianças e adolescentes que frequentam o programa de puericultura de uma unidade de atenção primária à saúde. Métodos: Estudo transversal com 290 crianças e adolescentes na faixa etária dos 5 aos 18 anos, atendidos em uma unidade básica de saúde da cidade de Ribeirão Preto (SP) durante o primeiro semestre de 2018. Para as avaliações foram utilizados um questionário estruturado e a tabela de acuidade visual de Snellen. Resultados: Foram avaliados 290 indivíduos, sendo 53,2% do sexo feminino. Desse total, 66 (22,7%) foram encaminhados para consulta com oftalmologista, sendo 34 (51,5%) do sexo masculino e 32 (48,5%) do sexo feminino. Foram confirmados 31 casos de erros refracionais: astigmatismo (35,5%), astigmatismo associado (25,8%), hipermetropia (29%) e miopia (9,6%). 24 (77,4%) dos pacientes com acuidade visual reduzida receberam prescrição para uso de lentes corretivas. Conclusões: A prevalência de baixa acuidade visual na amostra estudada foi de 10,7%, com predomínio de astigmatismo, e sem diferença estatisticamente significativa entre os sexos. Destaque-se a importância de se realizarem avaliações completas nos programas de Atenção Básica à Saúde, principalmente a triagem oftalmológica como uma das ferramentas mais importantes para a prevenção da cegueira.
Abstract Objective: to determine the frequency of reduced visual acuity in children and adolescents attending the child care program of a primary health care unit. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 290 children and adolescents aged 5 to 18 years attending a primary health unit in the city of Ribeirão Preto (SP) during the first half of 2018. A structured questionnaire Snellen's visual acuity table. Results: 290 subjects were evaluated, 53.2% female. Of these, 66 (22.7%) were referred to ophthalmologists, 34 (51.5%) were male and 32 (48.5%) were female. We confirmed 31 cases of refractive errors: astigmatism (35.5%), associated astigmatism (25.8%), hypermetropia (29%) and myopia (9.6%). 24 (77.4%) of patients with reduced visual acuity received prescription for corrective lenses. Conclusions: the prevalence of low visual acuity in the studied sample was 10.7%, with a predominance of astigmatism, and with no statistically significant difference between the sexes. It is important to emphasize the importance of performing comprehensive evaluations in the Primary Health Care programs, especially ophthalmologic screening as one of the most important tools for blindness prevention.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Tests/methods , Visual Acuity , Health Centers , Vision Screening , Eye Health , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a relação entre sintomas visuais e rendimento escolar, identificando, também, a prevalência de sintomas visuais em escolares matriculados em uma escola pública. Métodos: Estudo quantitativo e transversal, no qual foram avaliados 100 estudantes matriculados no sexto ou sétimo ano do ensino fundamental II da EEEFM Jarbas Passarinho. A avaliação de sintomas visuais se deu por meio do Inventário de Eficiência Visual (IEV), versão traduzida e validada do questionário College of Optometrists in Vision Development Quality of Life (COVD-QOL). O rendimento escolar foi avaliado por meio da aplicação de uma prova contendo 10 questões, divididas igualmente entre as disciplinas de português e matemática. Utilizou-se o coeficiente de correlação de postos de Spearman para analisar a relação entre desempenho acadêmico e sintomas visuais, e o teste t-student para avaliar diferenças entre as variáveis. Resultados: Dos 100 participantes, 52% eram do sexo masculino. A prevalência de sintomas visuais encontrada foi de 72%, com as maiores pontuações no IEV obtidas pelas meninas. Não houve relação significante entre os sintomas visuais e o desempenho escolar. Conclusão: O presente estudo encontrou uma prevalência de sintomas visuais elevada entre os estudantes participantes da pesquisa, porém, não houve uma relação estatisticamente significante entre os sintomas visuais e o desempenho escolar.
Abstract Purpose: To investigate if there was an association between visual symptoms and academic performance. A secondary objective was to estimate the prevalence of visual symptoms among students in a public school. Methods: A cross-sectional and quantitative study was made with 100 students, attending the sixth or seventh grades in a public school participated in this study. The evaluation of visual symptoms was done through the Visual Efficiency Inventory (IEV), translated and validated version of the College of Optometrists in Vision Development Quality of Life (COVD-QOL) questionnaire. The academic performance was evaluated through the application of a test containing 10 questions, equally divided between the disciplines of portuguese and mathematics. The results were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, Spearman's coefficient and the Student's t-test for p<0.05. Results: Of the 100 students, 52% were male. The prevalence of visual symptoms founded was 72%, with the highest scores in the IEV obtained by the girls. It was not observed a significant relationship between visual symptoms and academic performance. Conclusion: A high prevalence of visual symptoms was observed among students, but there was no significant relationship between visual symptoms and academic performance.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Students , Vision Disorders/psychology , Academic Performance , Schools , Underachievement , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Visual Acuity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Educational MeasurementABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Background: Scotopic sensitivity syndrome, later called Meares-Irlen syndrome or simply Irlen syndrome (IS) has been described as symptoms of poor reading ability due to poor color matching and distorted graphic images. Individuals with this syndrome are considered slow, ineffective readers with low comprehension and visual fatigue. It is still uncertain whether the disease pathophysiology is an independent entity or part of the dyslexia spectrum. Nevertheless, treatments with lenses and colored filters have been proposed to alleviate the effect of the luminous contrast and improve patients' reading performance. However, no evidence of treatment effectiveness has been achieved. Objective: The aim of the present study was to obtain evidence about IS etiology, diagnosis and intervention efficacy. Methods: A systematic review was performed covering the available studies on IS, assessing the available data according to their level of evidence, focusing on diagnostic tools, proposed interventions and related outcomes. Results: The data showed high heterogeneity among studies, and lack of evidence on the existence of IS and treatment effectiveness. Conclusion: The syndrome as described, as well as its treatments, require further strong evidence.
RESUMO Background: A síndrome da sensibilidade escotópica, posteriormente denominada síndrome de Meares-Irlen ou simplesmente síndrome de Irlen (SI), foi descrita como indivíduos com sintomas de baixa capacidade de leitura devido à combinação de cores e distorções nas imagens. Indivíduos com essa síndrome podem apresentar leitura lenta e ineficaz, com baixo nível de compreensão e fadiga visual. A fisiopatologia da doença ainda é incerta como uma entidade independente ou como parte do espectro da dislexia. No entanto, tratamentos com lentes e filtros coloridos foram propostos com o objetivo de aliviar o efeito do contraste luminoso e melhorar o desempenho de leitura dos pacientes. Outrossim, nenhuma evidência de eficácia do tratamento foi alcançada. Objetivos: Obter evidências sobre a etiologia, eficácia diagnóstica e intervenção da SI. Métodos: Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática, cobrindo os estudos disponíveis sobre a SI, avaliando os dados disponíveis de acordo com seu nível de evidência, com foco em ferramentas de diagnóstico, intervenções propostas e desfechos relacionados. Resultados: Os dados mostram alta heterogeneidade, falta de evidência sobre a existência da SI e eficácia do tratamento. Conclusões: A síndrome descrita e seus tratamentos exigem evidências mais robustas.
Subject(s)
Humans , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/therapy , Syndrome , Vision Disorders/etiology , Vision Disorders/physiopathology , Contact Lenses , Dyslexia/physiopathology , Night VisionABSTRACT
Introducción: los pacientes con estrabismo comúnmente tiene algún grado de compromiso en la estereopsis, y existe evidencia clara que el tratamiento de la ambliopía severa mejora este compromiso; sin embargo, no hay datos que reporten grados de estereopsis en pacientes con ambliopía en ausencia de estrabismo. Objetivo: determinar y comparar el grado de estereopsis en pacientes sin ambliopía, con ambliopía leve y moderada en ausencia de estrabismo, que asistieron a consulta de oft almología pediátrica en el Hospital de San José entre Enero de 2015 y Agosto de 2017. Diseño del estudio: estudio de tipo transversal. Método: pacientes entre 5 y 15 años. Se utilizó el Random Dot Test para la evaluación de estereopsis. Se comparó el grado de estereopsis entre los distintos niveles de ambliopía por medio de una prueba de Kruskal Wallis. Resultados: se incluyeron 119 niños, 64 no tuvieron ambliopía y 55 tuvieron ambliopía, de los cuales el 67.3% fue leve (n=37) y el 32.7% fue moderada (n=18). La principal causa fue la refractiva; en el grupo de ambliopía leve 64.9% y moderada 77.8%. Los pacientes entre 5 y 10 años presentaron una mediana de estereopsis de 40 segundos de arco independientemente de si tenían o no ambliopía, a diferencia de los pacientes mayores de 10 años en quienes a medida que aumentó el grado de ambliopía, disminuyó la estereopsis. Conclusión: de observó una tendencia al empeoramiento del grado de estereopsis según el grado de ambliopía aunque no se alcanzó significancia estadística. El diagnóstico precoz y tratamiento oportuno de la ambliopía durante los primeros años son fundamentales para garantizar un desarrollo visual adecuado de la población pediátrica.
Background: patients with strabismus usually have some degree of disturbance in stereopsis, and there is clear evidence that the treatment of severe amblyopia improves it. However, there are no data reporting grades of stereopsis in patients with amblyopia in absence of strabismus. Objective: to determine and compare the degree of stereopsis in patients without amblyopia, with mild and moderate amblyopia in absence of strabismus who the attended pediatric ophthalmology clinic at Hospital de San José between January 2015 and August of 2017. Study design: cross sectional study. Method: study design: cross-sectional study. Participants: Patients between 5 and 15 years. Process: The Random Dot Test was used for stereopsis evaluation. The degree of stereopsis between the different levels of amblyopia was compared by means of a Kruskal Wallis test. Results: 119 children were included, 64 did not have amblyopia and 55 had amblyopia. 67.3% were mild (n = 37) and 32.7% were moderate (n = 18). The principal cause was refractive, mild amblyopia 64.9% and moderate 77.8%. Patients between 5 and 10 years had a median stereopsis of 40 seconds of arc regardless of whether they had amblyopia or not, unlike patients older than 10 years in whom as the degree of amblyopia increased, stereopsis decreased. Conclusion: It was observed a tendency to worsen the degree of stereopsis according to the degree of amblyopia although statistical signifi cance was not reached. Th e early diagnosis and timely treatment of amblyopia during the fi rst years are fundamental to guarantee an adequate visual development of the pediatric population.
Subject(s)
Amblyopia/therapy , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Strabismus/therapy , Depth PerceptionABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective To evaluate the resolubility of ophthalmologic care in an integrated health center. Methods This was a cross-sectional study including 816 patients who were attended from November 2013 to November of 2015. Data were collected from a medical consultation database and patients' medical records. Results The majority of participants were women, non-diabetic, and had high school education. The main cause of referral for ophthalmologic evaluation was the consultation with a specialist, the waiting time for consultation was shorter for non-diabetic patients. Conclusion This Integrated health center presented, partial resolubility conditions to meet the ophthalmologic needs of users of the Brazilian Unified Health System. Eye care needs to be reorganized particularly by consider the priority cases of those at ophthalmological risk, and referrals should be done to the adequate care level and on time to guarantee resolubility.
RESUMO Objetivo Avaliar a resolubilidade do cuidado oftalmológico em um centro integrado de saúde. Métodos Trata-se de estudo transversal realizado com 816 pacientes atendidos no período de novembro de 2013 a novembro de 2015. Os dados foram coletados consultando-se o banco de dados institucional e os prontuários. Resultados A maioria dos participantes era não diabética, do sexo feminino, e com Nível Médio de ensino. A principal causa de solicitação de avaliação oftalmológica foi a consulta com o especialista, cujo tempo de espera foi menor para os não diabéticos. Conclusão Este centro integrado de saúde apresentou, em parte, condições de resolubilidade para atender as necessidades oftalmológicas dos usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde, mas notou-se necessidade de reorganização deste cuidado, considerando prioridades baseadas em critérios de risco oftalmológico, conferindo que o encaminhamento ao nível de atenção deve ser capaz de propiciar, em tempo, a resolubilidade.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Referral and Consultation/statistics & numerical data , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diabetes Mellitus , Time-to-Treatment , Secondary Care Centers , Middle Aged , National Health ProgramsABSTRACT
Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de crianças com dificuldade visual em triagens realizadas em 3 escolas públicas de Aracaju-SE, estimar a distribuição dos erros refrativos e usar os dados para planejamento de uma ação social mais extensa em todas as escolas públicas da cidade. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com medida da acuidade visual (AV), na forma de triagem. Foram analisados idade, gênero, AV, frequência dos principais erros refrativos, médias de equivalente esférico e cilindro das crianças com AV pior ou igual a 0,7 em qualquer olho, diferença superior a 0,2 entre os olhos, sinais de doenças oculares ou se já fizessem uso de óculos. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 510 crianças nas 3 escolas. A idade média foi 9,1 ± 1,6 anos. Gênero masculino correspondeu a 50,4%. Das 154 crianças (30%) que necessitaram de consulta mais detalhada, 97 se dirigiram à consulta. Destas, 51 tiveram indicação de uso de óculos. Míopes corresponderam a 44,1% dos olhos, hipermetropia a 15,6% e astigmatismo a 82,3%. A idade média das crianças com indicação de uso de óculos foi 9,5 ± 1,7 anos. Considerando-se que há em torno de 15 mil crianças entre o 1º e o 3º anos do ensino fundamental matriculadas nas escolas públicas de Aracaju, pode-se estimar que aproximadamente 30% delas necessitarão de consulta oftalmológica, correspondendo a 4500 atendimentos (2000 a 2500 destas deverão precisar de óculos). Conclusão: Conclui-se que aproximadamente um terço das crianças em idade escolar neste estudo apresentou dificuldade visual durante a triagem. Após avaliação oftalmológica, foram prescritos óculos para pouco mais da metade. Astigmatismo foi o erro de refração mais prevalente. Os dados obtidos foram utilizados para o planejamento de importante ação social a ser desenvolvida pela Sociedade Sergipana de Oftalmologia.
Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of visually impaired children at screening in three public schools in Aracaju-SE, to estimate the distribution of refractive errors and to use the data to develop a more comprehensive social project in all public schools of town. Methods: Cross-sectional study with visual acuity (VA) measurement at screening. Age, gender, VA, frequency of the main refractive errors, spherical equivalent and cylinder of those children with VA lower than or equal to 0.7 in any eye, difference greater than 0.2 between the eyes, signs of eye diseases or if they already wore glasses. Results: A total of 510 children were evaluated in 3 schools. Mean age was 9.1 ± 1.6 years. Males were 50.4%. Of the 154 children (30%) who required a more detailed examination, 97 went to the office. Of these, 51 had a prescription of glasses. Myopes accounted for 44.1% of the eyes, hypermetropia to 15.6% and astigmatism to 82.3%. Mean age of children with glasses was 9.5 ± 1.7 years. Considering that there are 15 thousand children between the 1st and 3rd years of elementary school, it can be estimated that approximately 30% will require ophthalmological consultation, corresponding to 4500 consultations (2000 to 2500 of these should need glasses). Conclusion: We conclude that approximately one-third of school-age children in this study had visual impairment during screening. After ophthalmological evaluation, glasses were prescribed for just over half. Astigmatism was the most prevalent refractive error in the 3 schools of the study. The data obtained were used for the planning of important social project to be developed by Sergipe's Society of Ophthalmology.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/epidemiology , Visual Acuity , Vision Screening/methods , Refractive Errors/diagnosis , Refractive Errors/epidemiology , Schools , Students , Eye Health , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
Resumo Objetivo: Avaliar o perfil epidemiologico de disfuncao da acuidade visual (AV), possiveis disturbios oculares e a frequencia ao atendimento oftalmologico, de escolares do municipio de Itauna, Minas Gerais, Brasil. Posteriormente objetivou-se o encaminhamento ao especialista para correcao das anormalidades. Métodos: Estudo transversal, com populacao avaliada de 432 alunos da rede publica de ensino. Os individuos foram avaliados pelo metodo Snellen e a faixa etaria da amostra variou de 4 a 17 anos. Os dados foram colhidos e sistematizados. Foram encaminhados para o servico de Oftalmologia aqueles que possuiam AV ≤ 0,7 em pelo menos um dos olhos. Resultados: Dos 432 alunos avaliados neste estudo 14,5% apresentaram baixa AV, quando avaliados pelo teste de Snellen. Destes, 61,9 % pertenciam ao sexo feminino. A faixa etaria em que houve maior prevalencia de baixa visao foram escolares de 15 a 17 anos. A maioria apresentou alteracao em ambos os olhos e 60% dos alunos avaliados declararam nunca terem passado por uma consulta oftalmologica. Dos alunos que compareceram as consultas, a maioria foi diagnosticada com erros de refracao e necessitou de correcao otica. Conclusão: Os resultados encontrados demonstram que a parcela significativa dos individuos avaliados apresentou baixa visao e necessitou de encaminhamento oftalmologico. Alem disso, observou-se a inexistencia de consultas oftalmológicas anteriores em grande parte dos escolares. Esse fato reforca, diante dos orgaos publicos de saude, a necessidade de implantar sistemas de triagem visual nas escolas e oferecer assistencia a esses estudantes, objetivando melhorias em seu aprendizado e qualidade de vida.
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological profile of visual acuity (VA) dysfunction, the possible ocular disorders and the frequency of ophthalmologic care of school children from the city of Itaúna, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study with a population of 432 students in the public schools. The individuals were evaluated by the Snellen method and the sample age ranged from 4 to 17 years. Data were collected and systematized. Those who had VA ≤ 0.7 in at least one eye were referred to the ophthalmology service. Results: Of the 432 students evaluated in this study, 14.5% presented low VA, when evaluated by the Snellen test. Of these, 61.9% were female. The age group with the highest prevalence of low vision were schoolchildren aged 15 to 17 years. The majority presented alteration in both eyes and 60% of the evaluated students stated that they had never had an ophthalmological consultation. Of the students who attended the consultations, most were diagnosed with refractive errors and needed optical correction. Conclusion: The results showed that a significant portion of the individuals evaluated had low vision and required ophthalmologic referral. In addition, there was no previous ophthalmological consultation in most of the schoolchildren. This fact reinforces to public health agencies, the need to implement visual screening systems in schools and offer assistance to these students, with the aim of improvements in their learning and quality of life
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Refractive Errors/diagnosis , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Visual Acuity , Vision Screening , Schools , Students , Vision Tests , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional StudiesABSTRACT
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effectiveness of mobile ophthalmic unit screenings and to investigate barriers between community care and resolution of the problem at a tertiary center. METHODS This prospective study evaluated a convenience sample from 10 municipalities in São Paulo State, Brazil. Patients were assessed in the municipality by a mobile ophthalmic unit and underwent a complete ophthalmic consultation. Patients were referred as warranted to a tertiary hospital. RESULTS The mobile ophthalmic unit screened 1,928 individuals and 714 (37%) were referred. The mean age of the referred patients was 57.12 (SD = 19.5) years with best corrected visual acuity of 0.37 (SD = 0.36) logMAR. Forty-seven (6.6%) patients were blind and 185 (26.5%) were visually impaired. Cataracts (44.7%) and pterygium (14.7%) accounted for most referrals. Of those referred, 67.1% presented to the tertiary center. The diagnosis by the mobile ophthalmic unit corresponded to the one by the tertiary center in 88.5% of the cases. There were a significantly higher number of blind and visually impaired persons among those who presented to the hospital. There was a significantly greater attendance among patients living in more distant municipalities from the reference center with a higher number of inhabitants and a greater number of ophthalmologists in the cities of origin (p < 0.05, all comparisons). Complete treatment was performed in 65.6% of patients, and loss to follow-up was the main cause of incomplete treatment in 50.7% of patients. A total of 313 cataract surgeries were performed, which reduced the number of blind patients from 20 to 2 and of visually impaired individuals from 87 to 2 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Only 37% of the patients assessed by a mobile ophthalmic unit required referral to a tertiary hospital. Among the referred patients, 67.1% presented to the hospital, and complete resolution after treatment was approximately 65.5%. There was a significant improvement in visual acuity and a reduction in the prevalence of blindness and visual impairment postoperatively.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Vision Disorders/diagnosis , Mass Screening/methods , Tertiary Care Centers , Mobile Health Units , Vision Disorders/therapy , Vision Disorders/epidemiology , Cataract/diagnosis , Cataract/therapy , Cataract/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Pterygium/diagnosis , Pterygium/therapy , Pterygium/epidemiology , Visual Acuity , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Cities/epidemiology , Treatment Outcome , Statistics, NonparametricABSTRACT
RESUMO Objetivos: Determinar a freqüência e as características das alterações em exame oftalmológico, em exame de Tomografia de coerência óptica (OCT) do nervo e mácula e Campimetria em pacientes com Escrelose Multipla(EM). Métodos: Foram examinados 60 olhos sendo 30 de pacientes com o diagnóstico de EM e 30 de pacientes controles, atendidos no Hospital de Base do Distrito Federal. Os pacientes foram avaliados quanto aos parâmetros: características e alterações do exame oftalmológico, do OCT do nervo e da macula e Campimetria. Resultados: Os pacientes com EM apresentaram piores resultados em todos os parâmetros avaliados. No exame de campo visual Foram encontradas perdas localizadas em 50%. Em relação ao OCT de nervo óptico foi observado redução da camada de fibras nervosas em quadrantes temporal (p=0,0251) e inferior (p=0,0041), o OCT de mácula revelou diminuição da CFN principalmente nos quadrantes nasal interno (p=0,0002) e externo (p=0,0016),inferior interno (p=0,0007) e superior externo (p=0,0108) e interno (p=0,0046). Os pacientes com menores valores de espessura macular também tiveram piores resultados no campo visual (p=0,0001). Conclusão: Este estudo demonstrou que a EM é uma doença capaz de ocasionar alterações nos exames de OCT e Campo visual mesmo na ausência de sintomas visuais relatados pelos pacientes. A realização de exames como campo visual e de OCT de macula e nervo podem ser uma ferramenta útil para estimar o comprometimento pela doença e auxiliar no seguimento desses pacientes.
ABSTRACT Objectives: To determine the frequency and characteristics of alterations in ophthalmologic examinations of optic nerve and macula coherence tomography (OCT), and Campimetry in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Methods: Sixty eyes were examined, 30 of which were diagnosed with MS and 30 of the control patients, all attended at the General Hospital of the Federal District of Brazil. The patients were evaluated regarding the parameters: characteristics and alterations of the ophthalmological examination, OCT of the nerve and macula and Campimetry. Results: Patients with MS presented worse results in all parameters evaluated. On visual field examination localized losses were found in 50% of the cases . In relation to OCT of the optic nerve it was observed a reduction of the nerve fiber layer in temporal quadrants (p = 0.0251) and lower (p = 0.0041). The macular OCT revealed a decrease in the CFN, mainly in the internal nasal quadrants (p = 0.0002) and external (p = 0.0016), internal inferior (p = 0.0007) and external superior (p = 0.0108) plus internal (p = 0.0046). Patients with lower values of macular thickness also had worse results in the visual field (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that MS is a disease capable of causing changes in OCT and visual field tests even in the absence of visual symptoms reported by patients. Examinations such as visual field and OCT of macula and nerve can be a useful tool to estimate the damage by the disease and to assist in the follow-up of these patients